Loans are financial arrangements where a borrower receives a sum of money from a lender, with the agreement to repay the borrowed amount along with interest over a specified period. Loans serve various purposes, including financing a home, paying for education, or covering unexpected expenses. They come in different forms, such as personal loans, mortgages, and business loans, each designed to meet specific financial needs.

A loan typically involves the following components:

• Principal: The initial amount borrowed.
• Interest: The cost of borrowing, expressed as a percentage of the principal.
• Repayment Period: The duration in which the borrower must repay the loan.
• Terms and Conditions: Specific rules and requirements outlined in the loan agreement.

Understanding these fundamental aspects of loans is crucial when considering borrowing money, as it allows individuals and businesses to make informed financial decisions.